Ergonomics is the science that deals with the fit between people and their work. It matches the requirements of a job with the capabilities of the worker. 

 An Ergonomist is a professional who assesses the fit between a person and their work. He/She puts into consideration,  

i. The Job being done and the demands on the worker.

ii. Equipment used.

iii. Information used.

iv. Physical environment (temperature, humidity, lighting, vibration, noise).

v. Social environment ( team work and supportive management).

An Ergonomist also puts into consideration the physical and psychological aspects of a person such as,

Physical aspects; 

1. Body size and shape.

2. Fitness and strength .

3. Posture.

4. Stress and strain on muscles, joints, nerves. 

5. Senses ( vision, hearing and touch).

Psychological aspects; 

1. Mental abilities.

2. Personality .

3. Knowledge and experience.

By fitting the task to the worker, Ergonomics tends to reduce accidents and ill health , thereby increasing productivity. 

Proactive ergonomics is aimed at the prevention of work related musculoskeletal disorders through recognizing, anticipating, and reducing risk factors in the planning stages of new systems of work and workplaces . 

Some of the ergonomics principles includes,

1. Job must be done in a neutral position.

2. Keeping work close to the body. 

3.Avoid bending forward.

4. Alternate posture and movements. 

5. Keeping task within the shoulder level.

6. Use of mechanical aids.

7. Use of transport accessories.